Osteochondral Allograft
Osteochondral Autograft
Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation
What is Cartilage Repair Surgery?
Cartilage repair surgery is a procedure designed to restore damaged cartilage in joints, particularly in the knee, shoulder, ankle, or hip. Cartilage does not heal well on its own due to its limited blood supply, making surgical intervention necessary for many patients. This procedure helps relieve pain, improve mobility, and delay or prevent the need for joint replacement.
When is Cartilage Repair Surgery Recommended?
Cartilage repair surgery may be recommended for individuals who:
- Experience persistent joint pain and swelling
- Have limited mobility due to cartilage damage
- Suffer from cartilage injuries caused by trauma or sports activities
- Have early-stage osteoarthritis or degenerative cartilage loss
- Do not respond to non-surgical treatments like physical therapy or injections
How is Cartilage Repair Surgery Performed?
The surgical approach depends on the severity and location of the cartilage damage. Common techniques include:
- Microfracture: Small holes are created in the bone to stimulate cartilage growth.
- Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI): Cartilage cells are harvested, grown in a lab, and re-implanted into the damaged area.
- Osteochondral Grafting: Healthy cartilage is transplanted from another part of the joint or a donor source.
- Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI): A collagen-based scaffold is used to support new cartilage growth.
Recovery after Cartilage Repair Surgery
Recovery varies based on the procedure performed. Patients typically require:
- Limited weight-bearing on the joint for several weeks
- Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility
- Pain management with medication and icing
- Full recovery in 3 to 6 months, depending on the extent of repair
Risks of Cartilage Repair Surgery
As with any surgery, there are potential risks, including:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Joint stiffness or reduced mobility
- Failure of the cartilage to regenerate properly
- Need for additional surgery
Benefits of Cartilage Repair Surgery
- Reduces joint pain and inflammation
- Improves mobility and function
- Delays or prevents the need for joint replacement
- Enhances long-term joint health
